For investigation of infectious organisms in 80 rats and 40 guinea pigs conventionally fed in institutes of Korea, 15 species of microorganisms including 13 species of bacteria and 2 species of mycoplasma were examined by microbiological methods except Bacillus piliformis(Tyzzer) known to be uncultivable and 6 species of bacteria including Tyzzer among the above bacteria were investigated by serological methods such as agglutination(Aggl.)test, complement fixation(CF) test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), by which including hemagglutination inhibition(HI) test 6 species of virus infection were also investigated far antibody detection.
The results obtained were as follows :
1) Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 5∼30% of nasal cavity and from 20% of ceca of the rat, and also isolated from 20∼70% from ceca of the guinea pig. The isolates were resistant to only 2 kinds of antibiotics; colistin and nalidixie acid, but showed low to high susceptibility to all the other 23 kinds such as penicillin, cefazolin, ete.
2) Pseudomnas aeruginosa was isolated from 0∼15% and 0∼20% of the ceca of the rat and the guinea pig, respectively. The isolates of the rat showed resistance to 14 kinds of antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefazolin, etc., but showed low to high susceptibility to the rest of 11 kinds such as piperacillin, cefoperazone, ete. And the isolates of the guinea pig showed almost same susceptibility as those of the rat to all kinds of antibiotics except 2 kinds; cefotaxime and latamoxefe. to which the former showed resistant but the latter not.
3) Pasteurella pneumotropica was isolated from pharynx, trachea and lung of the rat at the rate of 20%, 80%, and 30%, respectively, but not isolated froth pharynx of the guinea pig. The isolated strains were resistant to 8 kinds of antibiotics such as cloxacillin, erythromycin, etc., but showed low to high susceptibility to all the other 16 kinds such as ampicillin, cephalothin, etc., except only nalidixic acid to which they showed doubtful sensitivity.
4) Pasteurella multocida known to be unsusceptible to the rat and the guinea pig was isolated from foot nails of the rat but not from their tracheas and lungs, and also not from pharynx of the guinea pig. The isolates were resistant to 12 kinds of antibiotics such as sulpenicillin, cefazolin, etc., but showed low to high susceptibility to all the other 12 kinds such as piperacillin, tetracycline, etc.
5) Bordetella bronchiseptica was isolated from nasal cavity, trachea and lung of the rat at the rate of 30∼40%, 50% and 10%, respectively. and also from 70∼80% of nasal cavity, 20∼70% of trachea, 40% of lung and 10% of small intestine of the guinea pig. On the other hand, antibody of the organisms could he detected from 0∼40% ref the rat, and also 0∼30% of the guinea pig by Aggl, test. The isolates were resistant to 12 kinds of antibiotics such as sulpenicillin, cefazolin, etc., but showed low to high sensitivity to all the other 12 kinds such as piperacillin tetracycline, etc.
6) Corynebacterium kutscheri was isolated from 10∼50% of ceca of the rat, while not from ceca of the guinea pig. The isolates were resistant to only 3 kinds of antibiotics; cloxacillin, sulpenicillin, nalidixic acid and showed low to high sensitivity to all the other 21 kinds such as ampicillin, erythromycin, etc.
7) Mycoplasma pulmonis was isoloated from 70% of nasal cavity, 70% of trachea and 10∼20% of lung of the rat, but none of the organisms was isolated from nasal cavity of the guinea pig. On the other hand, antibody of the organisms could be detected from 100% of examined sera by ELISA while only 10% by CF test.
The isolates were resistant to 10 kinds of autiiotics such us penicillin, cephalothin, etc., except 4 kinds such as sulpenicillin, erythromycin, etc., to which the isolates slowed doubtful sensitivity, but showed low to high susceptibility to the rest of 11 kinds such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, etc.
8) Antibody of Bacillus piliformis is known to be uncultivable could not be detected by either CF test or ELISA from any of the 2 kinds of the animals.
9) Antibody of Hemagglutinating virus of Japan could be detected from 100% of both animals by ELISA, while 0∼50% of the rat and 0∼30% of the guinea pig by CF test. Antibody of Sialodacryoadenitis virus could be detected from 100% of the rat by ELISA while none by CF test. On the other hand, antibody of Minute virus of mice known to be unsusceplible to rat could be detected from 100% of the animal by ELISA, while those of blouse adenovirus and Reovirus type 3 by CF test showed all negative to both animals and that of Ectromelia virus by HI test also negative to the same animals.
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